Dual N-Back Training: Is It True That Video Games Can Increase IQ? The Evidence Review for 2025
Overview:
The Argument for IQ Enhancement
Since Jaeggi’s seminal 2008 study, the assertion that 20 sessions of dual n-back training can increase IQ by up to 4 points 513 has generated both enthusiasm and scepticism. New research reveals what works and what doesn’t about this difficult cognitive exercise in 2025.
Insights for 2025: Key
Gains in fluid intelligence: 68% of research indicate modest but noteworthy gains (g = 0.24). 26.
Limitations on transfer: Advantages primarily relate to creative problem-solving rather than consolidated knowledge 9.
Neuroplasticity: trained users exhibit improved prefrontal connectivity, according to fMRI 11.
1. The Operation of Dual N-Back
The Assignment Described
In order to respond when current inputs match those from “N” steps back (such as 2-back or 3-back), participants track simultaneous visual and auditory stimuli.
An example of a trial
| Step | Visual Stimulus (Grid Position) | Auditory Stimulus (Letter) | Correct Response |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Top-left | “F” | None |
| 2 | Center | “K” | None |
| 3 | Top-left | “K” | Visual match (2-back), Auditory match (2-back) |
2. The Science: Is IQ Increased?
Evidence to Support It
- The Original Study by Jaeggi (2008):
- After 19 days, 70 adults’ IQ increased by +4.4 points.
- Greater gains result from longer training (dose-dependent effect). 13.
Meta-Analysis for 2021:
- Improvements in fluid intelligence (Hedges’ g = 0.24) were modest but noteworthy in 20 studies 6.
- greater impacts in research without active control groups 2.
Neuroimaging Evidence:
- improved connectivity in the right inferior frontal gyrus after training 11.
- Decreased parietal activation, indicating increased effectiveness 8.
Irregular Results
- No far transfer in middle-aged adults (30–60 years old) 2.
- 30% of gains were attributable to placebo effects.
3. Comparing Dual N-Back to Other Brain Training
Table of Comparisons
| Method | Target Skill | IQ Transfer Evidence | Time Investment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dual N-Back | Working memory | Moderate (fluid IQ) | 20–30 mins/day |
| Memory Palace | Long-term recall | Minimal | Flexible |
| Processing Speed Apps | Reaction time | None | 10–15 mins/day |
4. Optimising Outcomes: Top Strategies for 2025
Protocol Opt I Mal
- Duration: 13 sessions (minimum of 20).
- Intensity: Try to reach n ≥ 4 (high cognitive load) 8.
Instruments:
- N-Back Challenge (app with scientific validation) 13.
- Adaptive difficulty (Neuronation) 5.
Tips for Gamification
- Adherence is increased by 40% through reward systems 12.
- Visuals that depict “Brain Evolution”—such as neural growth—improve motivation 12.
5. Moral Principles
- Overstating risks: Commercial applications frequently overstate their advantages. 9.
- Data privacy: Consent is required for the collection of EEG/fMRI data 11.
FAQs
A: 3–6 months in the absence of refresher training 8.
A: Students with ADHD do exhibit longer attention spans.
A: Yes, for fluid IQ; no, for stress alleviation.
Dual N-Back Starter Kit for Free
- A 30-day training schedule, an app comparison chart, and a neuroscience cheat sheet